{"id":2859,"date":"2025-11-20T09:05:31","date_gmt":"2025-11-20T09:05:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iafgh.cat\/?p=2859"},"modified":"2025-12-08T20:46:09","modified_gmt":"2025-12-08T20:46:09","slug":"cases-sobiranes-o-ex-sobiranes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iafgh.cat\/?p=2859","title":{"rendered":"Cases Sobiranes o Exsobiranes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Per Armand de Fluvi\u00e0 i Escorsa<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Aquest treball el vaig iniciar quan tenia 14 o 15 anys i tot va comen\u00e7ar quan feia el Batxillerat, concretament a les classes d\u2019Hist\u00f2ria. En aquella \u00e8poca \u2013anys 1945-46-la Hist\u00f2ria encara s\u2019estudiava per les llistes dels reis dels pa\u00efsos corresponents. Per exemple, calia saber-se de mem\u00f2ria la relaci\u00f3 dels reis visigots. Doncs b\u00e9, a Fran\u00e7a hi havia divuit Llu\u00efsos, i la curiositat per esbrinar llur relaci\u00f3 familiar em va portar a cercar-la tamb\u00e9 en els sobirans dels altres pa\u00efsos. A la Biblioteca de Catalunya, vaig comen\u00e7ar devorant, amb fruici\u00f3, els Almanach de Gotha<\/em> i els Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels<\/em> en les seves F\u00fcrstliche, Gr\u00e4fliche<\/em>, Freiherrliche <\/em>i Adelige H\u00e4user<\/em>, aix\u00ed com el Manuel d\u2019Histoire<\/em> de A.M. Stokvis. Em vaig anar animant i vaig continuar, fins a avui dia, amb tota una s\u00e8rie d\u2019autors i d\u2019obres importants i rigoroses (Araujo Affonso, Bony de Lavergne, Bosworth, Burke\u2019s, Duhamel-Amado, Fern\u00e1ndez de Bethencourt, Huberty & Giraud, Imhof, Isenburg-B\u00fcdingen, Kerrebrouck, La H\u00eatte. Louda, Morby, Pinoteau, Schwennicke, Settipani, Stasser, Tourtchine, Vajay, i molts altres). El resultat de tants anys estan inclosos en aquesta base de dades que, integrada amb el Sistema General de Documentaci\u00f3 Familiar – GDS<\/strong> ha estat origin\u00e0riament desenvolupat en llengua catalana i pensem que \u00e9s una de les m\u00e9s completes, en el camp de la genealogia, pel seu abast i les seves possibilitats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cada fitxa del programa correspon a una persona i s\u2019hi especifica, com a prefix, el T\u00edtol<\/strong>: Emperador, Reina, Comte, Arxiduquessa, Granduc, Lady, Lord, Xa, Khan, Papa o Papa Sant, etc; el Nom<\/strong>, tradu\u00eft a la llengua de l\u2019usuari, si es tracta d\u2019un sobir\u00e0 o d\u2019un dinasta (en catal\u00e0: Jaume I, Vict\u00f2ria I, Joan) o en la llengua del pa\u00eds d\u2019origen del subjecte de la fitxa, si es tracta d\u2019un no dinasta (James, Albrecht, Alessandro, Pierre, Alfonso, Pi\u00f3tr<\/em>); el Primer cognom<\/strong> o pa\u00eds: en aquesta entrada, quan es tracta d\u2019un sobir\u00e0 o d\u2019un dinasta, s\u2019hi posa el nom del pa\u00eds o de la l\u00ednia din\u00e0stica corresponent \u2013per exemple: de Fran\u00e7a, del Jap\u00f3, d\u2019Orleans, de Savoia-Carignan, de Prades-, en cas d\u2019un no dinasta, el primer cognom \u2013per exemple: de Borb\u00f3n, von Habsburg, Paley<\/em>, en la llengua del propi pa\u00eds. En el cas de principats italians i d\u2019alguns altres, els dinastes que no s\u00f3n sobirans porten el cognom seguit del nom del pa\u00eds (Gonzaga de M\u00e0ntua, Gonzaga de Guastalla, Visconti de Mil\u00e0, Farnese de Parma, o Comn\u00e8 de Bizanci, L\u00e0scaris de Nicea, Comn\u00e8 de Trebisonda, etc); el Segon cognom<\/strong>: per a totes aquelles persones que no siguin dinastes i en tinguin (Luis Alfonso de Borb\u00f3n y Mart\u00ednez-Bord\u00edu); un Sufix<\/strong>: amb els qualificatius d\u2019una persona (PhD, Jr., Sr<\/em>., Pvre., Bt., CHB, Donzell, Cavaller, Jauna, Andere<\/em>, Major, Menor); el Per\u00edode de govern<\/strong> d\u2019un sobir\u00e0: per ex. 1234-1265, 1340aC-1201aC, 80aC-42; Tamb\u00e9 anomenat<\/strong>: el nom de pila o de fonts, quan aquest no s\u2019hagi usat o un altre nom amb el qual pot \u00e9sser conegut; el Nom del Tron<\/strong>: en el cas d\u2019aquells monarques el nom dels quals varia en accedir al tron o despr\u00e9s de llur mort (antic Egipe, Xina, Jap\u00f3, etc); el Sobrenom<\/strong>: El Conqueridor, Cap d\u2019Estopes, el Gran, etc; la Dinastia<\/strong> a que pertany cada persona (Borb\u00f3, \u00c0ustria, Windsor, etc); el Llinatge o fam\u00edlia<\/strong> (Capets, Tim\u00farides, Ars\u00e0cides, Wittelsbach, etc); els T\u00edtols nobiliaris<\/strong> d\u2019un no sobir\u00e0 (marqu\u00e8s de Bute, comte de Prades, duc d\u2019Aumale, etc) o altres que pugui tenir un sobir\u00e0 (duc de Borgonya, rei d\u2019Esc\u00f2cia, duc de Car\u00edntia, etc); el Naixement<\/strong>: amb la data, el lloc i el pa\u00eds; la Defunci\u00f3<\/strong>:<\/strong> amb la data, el lloc i el pa\u00eds; el Matrimoni o matrimonis<\/strong>: amb les mateixes dades, o l\u2019Amistan\u00e7ament<\/strong>; el Divorci, repudi o anul\u00b7laci\u00f3<\/strong>: amb les mateixes dades; aix\u00ed com la indicaci\u00f3 de la Filiaci\u00f3<\/strong>: si un fill \u00e9s leg\u00edtim, ileg\u00edtim, legitimat, adoptiu, legitimat per matrimoni sudseg\u00fcent o dubt\u00f3s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Abreviatures i signes<\/strong>: a = abans de, ab = abat, abadessa, ab int<\/em> = sense testament, am<\/em> = ante matrem<\/em>, ap<\/em> = ante patrem,<\/em> aqbe = arquebisbe, arxd = arxiduc, arxiduquessa, assoc = associat, associada, b = bar\u00f3, baronessa, be = bisbe, bgr = burggravi, burggravina, bt = baronet, c = comte, comtessa, c<\/em> = circa<\/em>, can = canonge, cast = castl\u00e0, castell\u00e0, cav = cavaller, coemp = coemperador, coemperadriu, com = comanador, cosr = consenyor, consenyora, cp = comte palat\u00ed, cov = covescomte, covescomtessa, d = despr\u00e9s de, dc = duc, duquessa, delf = delf\u00ed, delfina, desp = d\u00e8spota, despotina, div = divorci, e = emir, el = elector, gd = granduc, granduquessa, Gd\u2019E = Gran d\u2019Espanya, gosp = gospodar, gov = governador, gpr = granpr\u00edncep, her = hereu, hereva, inf = infant, infanta, ld = lord, lady, ldgr = landgravi, landgravina, lpms = legitimat per matrimoni subseg\u00fcent, m = marqu\u00e8s, marquesa, mcgr = marcgravi, marcgravina, Mlle. = Mademoiselle, morg. = morgan\u00e0tic, nom = nominal, O. = orde, pa = poc abans de, pal = palat\u00ed, pd = poc despr\u00e9s de, post = p\u00f2stum, pr = pr\u00edncep, princesa, pr-ab = pr\u00edncep abat, princesa abadessa, pr-el = princep elector, r = rei, reina, reg = regent, sd = sold\u00e0, SIRG = Sacre Imperi Romano-Germ\u00e0nic, sn<\/em> = sine nuptiae<\/em>, sob = sobir\u00e0, sobirana, sp<\/em> = sine prole<\/em>, spl<\/em> = sine prole legitima<\/em>, sr = senyor, senyora, sth = stathoulder, tit = titular, v = vescomte, vescomtessa, *<\/strong> naixement, \u2020<\/strong> = defunci\u00f3, =<\/strong> = casament,<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Advertiment<\/strong>: L\u2019autor \u00e9s del parer que avui dia les monarquies europees s\u2019estan su\u00efcidant o estan segant l\u2019herba sota els seus peus amb aquest desfici de voler ser, llurs membres, el que no poden ser \u2013persones normals i corrents- i amb la d\u00e8ria d\u2019aconseguir democratitzar i modernitzar la instituci\u00f3 mon\u00e0rquica, cosa impossible per la pr\u00f2pia ess\u00e8ncia de la instituci\u00f3. El que aconseguiran amb aquesta actitud \u00e9s perdre el prestigi i l\u2019aur\u00e8ola de misteri que els envoltava per acabar essent considerats uns ciutadans com qualssevol altres, per la qual cosa ja no tindran cap ra\u00f3 de ser. El m\u00e9s greu \u00e9s que volen fer aix\u00f2 a base de conservar llurs privilegis i saltar-se o prescindir de les poques obligacions que tenen, sobre tot pel que fa a la q\u00fcesti\u00f3 dels matrimonis morgan\u00e0tics o desiguals i de mantenir la dignitat i exemplaritat amb les quals estaven moralment obligats a viure. Pel fet de contraure unions desiguals van haver de renunciar llurs drets a la successi\u00f3 molts dinastes de les cases sobiranes europees, i ara veuen, ells o llurs descendents, com hom prescindeix d\u2019aquelles obligacions per als actuals dinastes, la qual cosa constitueix una veritable discriminaci\u00f3. \u00c9s per aix\u00f2 \u2013i pel que fa a Europa- que l\u2019autor, en els casos de Dinamarca i dels Pa\u00efsos Baixos, apareixen com a darrers representants d\u2019aquests regnes les seves actuals sobiranes, per\u00f2 ja no llurs fills, que pertanyen a llinatges que no s\u00f3n o no han estat sobirans o mediatitzats. Pel que fa a la resta de les monarquies europees, aquest treball, en principi, considera morgan\u00e0tics tots aquells matrimonis celebrats en contravenci\u00f3 de les normes o regles que havien estat tradicionals, prescindint de si, en \u00e8poca recent, han estat legalment abolides.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Contingut:<\/strong> La Base de Dades consta de m\u00e9s de 68.800 persones, d\u2019uns 700 pa\u00efsos, pobles, llinatges i dinasties, amb llurs relacions i enlla\u00e7os geneal\u00f2gics. Des de qualsevol persona hom arriba a la confecci\u00f3 de la llista i el gr\u00e0fic dels seus avantpassats o dels seus descendents i a la relaci\u00f3 familiar entre dues persones. Per la seva naturalesa i pel fet de suportar fins a 100 generacions, hom pot realitzar autom\u00e0ticament informes que serien impossibles d\u2019una altra manera o comprometrien molt de temps en llur recerca.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Els pa\u00efsos, pobles i llinatges actualment inclosos s\u00f3n els seg\u00fcents:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pa\u00efsos, pobles i llinatges<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Els pa\u00efsos van en negreta, els pobles i llinatges, en cursiva i negreta i les dinasties, en cursiva i entre par\u00e8ntesis<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Abu Dhabi<\/strong>, xeicat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Abuja,<\/strong> emirat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Acaia<\/strong> o Morea, principatd\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Accad, <\/strong>regne d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aceh, <\/strong>soldanat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Adamawa<\/strong>, emirat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Afganistan<\/strong>, regne d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Agaie<\/strong>, emirat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Agde<\/strong>, vescomtat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c0ger<\/strong>, vescomtatd\u2019 (abans dit del Baix Urgell<\/strong>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aixanti<\/strong>, regne d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ajnam<\/strong>, xeicat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alasora<\/strong>, regne d\u2019 (vid. Madagascar)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alb\u00e0nia<\/strong>, principat d\u2019 (Wied<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alb\u00e0nia<\/strong>, regne d\u2019 (Zogu<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Albarrass\u00ed<\/strong>, senyoria d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Albi<\/strong>, vescomtat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Albon i Grenoble<\/strong>, comtats d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Albret<\/strong>,ducat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alen\u00e7on<\/strong>, ducat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Almeria<\/strong>, regne taifa d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Almohades<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Almor\u00e0vits<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Altena<\/strong>, comtat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Altenburg<\/em><\/strong> <\/strong>, els <\/em>(vid.<\/em> \u00c0ustria)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alv\u00e8rnia<\/strong>, comtat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ambohidratrimo<\/strong>, regne d\u2019 (vid. Madagascar)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ambohimanga<\/strong>, regne d\u2019 vid. Madagascar)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ambohitrabiby<\/strong>, regne d\u2019 (vid. Madagascar)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Andechs,<\/strong> comtat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c0ngel<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anglaterra, <\/strong>regne d\u2019 (Normanda<\/em>, Plantagenet<\/em>, Tudor<\/em>, Stuart<\/em>, Hannover<\/em>, Sax\u00f2nia-Coburg-Gotha i Windsor<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c0nglia de l\u2019Est<\/strong>, regne d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Angulema<\/strong>, comtat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anhalt<\/strong>, ducat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anjou<\/strong>, ducat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ankole<\/strong>, regne d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Annam, <\/strong>regne d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Antioquia<\/strong>, principat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aq Qoyunlu<\/em><\/strong>, els turcmans<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aquem\u00e8nides<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aquit\u00e0nia<\/strong>, ducat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ar\u00e0bia Saudita<\/strong>, regne d\u2019 (Wahhabita<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Arag\u00f3,<\/strong> comtat i regne d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Araniti<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Arborea<\/strong>, judicat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ardeck, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Hessen)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ardenes, <\/strong>comtat de les<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Arenberg,<\/strong> comtat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Argos i N\u00e0uplia<\/strong>, senyories d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Arisugaua<\/em><\/strong>, els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Jap\u00f3)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Arle<\/strong>, comtat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Arlai<\/strong>, baronia d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Armanyac, <\/strong>comtat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Armaz<\/strong>, regne d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Arm\u00e8nia<\/strong>, regne d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Arm\u00e8nia Petita <\/strong>(o Cil\u00edcia<\/strong>), regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ars\u00e0cides<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Arpajon, <\/em><\/strong>els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Artois<\/strong>, comtat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Asaka<\/em><\/strong>,els<\/em> (vid<\/em>. Jap\u00f3)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Asir<\/strong>, emirat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ass\u00edria<\/strong>, regne d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Astarac<\/strong>, comtat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aster<\/strong>, vescomtat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Atenes<\/strong>, ducat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aubusson, <\/strong>vescomtat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aumale<\/strong>, comtat i ducat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aura<\/strong>, comtat i vescomtat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aurenja<\/strong>, comtat i principat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c0ustria, <\/strong>marcgraviat, ducat, arxiducat i imperi d\u2019 (Babenberg<\/em>, Habsburg, Lorena<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Auvilars<\/strong>, vescomtat d\u2019 (Lomanha<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ayerbe<\/em><\/strong> <\/em>(Bel\u00b7l\u00f2nida<\/em>), els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ayutthay\u00e0<\/strong>, regne d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Babenberg<\/em><\/strong>, els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. \u00c0ustria)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Babil\u00f2nia<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Baden, <\/strong>granducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bagdad<\/strong>, califat de (Abbass\u00eds<\/em>) (vid<\/em> Islam)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bahrain<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Baix Urgell<\/strong>, vescomtat del (despr\u00e9s dit d\u2019\u00c0ger<\/strong>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ballenstaedt, <\/em><\/strong>els<\/em> (vid<\/em>. Anhalt)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bamanguato<\/em><\/strong>, de Botsuana, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Banu Qasi<\/em><\/strong>,els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bar(-le-Duc)<\/strong>, ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Barcelona<\/strong>, comtat de (Bel\u00b7l\u00f2nida<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Barcelona<\/strong>, vescomtat de (amb els Ribes<\/em><\/strong> i els Santmart\u00ed<\/em><\/strong>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bar-sur-Aube<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bar-sur-Seine<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Baroda<\/strong>, maharanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bas,<\/strong> vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Basutol\u00e0ndia<\/strong> (despr\u00e9s Lesotho), regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Battenberg <\/em><\/strong>o Mountbatten<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em>(vid<\/em>. Hessen)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bauchi<\/strong>, emirat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Baviera<\/strong>, ducats i regne de (Wittelsbach<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bearn<\/strong>, vescomtat de (Gascunya, Gabarret, Montcada, Foix)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beauclerck, <\/em><\/strong>els (vid. Anglaterra)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beaufort<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beaufort<\/strong>, ducat de (vid<\/em> Somerset)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beaujeu<\/strong>, senyoria de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beaumont, <\/em><\/strong>els<\/em> (vid.<\/em> Navarra)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beaumont-au-Maine<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beaumont.sur-Oise<\/strong>, comtat i vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bedde<\/strong>, emirat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beirut<\/strong>, senyoria de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e8lgica<\/strong>, regne de (Sax\u00f2nia-Coburg-Gotha<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Belosselski-Beloserski<\/strong>, principat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Benauges<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Benevent<\/strong>, principat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Benimerins<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bentheim<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Berg<\/strong>, ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Berga<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bernadotte, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Su\u00e8cia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bern\u00edcia<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Berwic,<\/strong> ducat de (vid.<\/em> Anglaterra)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Besal\u00fa<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Besal\u00fa<\/strong>, vescomtat de (despr\u00e9s dit de Bas<\/strong>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Besiers<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bhutan, <\/strong>regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bidaxune<\/strong>, senyoria i principat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bigorra, <\/strong>comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bikaner<\/strong>, maharanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Birm\u00e0nia<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Biron,<\/em><\/strong> els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Curl\u00e0ndia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Biscaia<\/strong>, senyoria de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bit\u00ednia<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Biu<\/strong>, emirat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bizanci<\/strong>, imperi de (\u00c0ngel<\/em>, Comn\u00e8<\/em>, Ducas<\/em>, L\u00e0scaris<\/em>, Pale\u00f2leg<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Blamont<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Blois<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Boh\u00e8mia<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bol\u00f2nia<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Borb\u00f3<\/strong>, senyoria i ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Borgonya<\/strong>, regne, ducat i comtat palat\u00ed de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Borgu<\/strong>, emirat de (vid Busa)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bornu<\/strong>, xeicat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00f2snia<\/strong>, banat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bouillon, <\/strong>ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Boulogne<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Brabant <\/strong>o Lorena Baixa<\/strong>, ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Brandenburg<\/strong>, marcgraviat i electorat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Brasil, <\/strong>imperi de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Brazileiro<\/em><\/strong>,<\/strong> els (vid<\/em>. Brasil)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Brena, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Sax\u00f2nia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bretanya<\/strong>, ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Brienne,<\/strong> comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Brosse<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Brulh\u00e8s<\/strong>, vescomtat del<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Brunei<\/strong>, soldanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bruniquel<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Br\u00fansvic<\/strong>, ducats de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Buganda<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bukhara, <\/strong>khanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bulg\u00e0ria<\/strong>, regne de (Sax\u00f2nia-Coburg-Gotha<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bunyoro-Kitara<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Burundi<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Busa<\/strong> (ara Borgu), emirat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bute, <\/strong>marquesat de (vid<\/em>. Stuart)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cabrera,<\/strong> vescomtat de (abans dit de Girona<\/strong>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Caixmir<\/strong> (vid Jammu)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Calders, <\/em><\/strong>els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cambotja<\/strong>. regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cantacuz\u00e8<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Capad\u00f2cia<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Capets,<\/em><\/strong> els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Carcassona<\/strong>, comtat de (Bel\u00b7l\u00f2nida<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Carc\u00ed, <\/strong>comtat del<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cardona<\/strong>, vescomtat (abans dit d\u2019Osona<\/strong>), comtat i ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Car\u00edntia<\/strong>, ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Carlad\u00e8s<\/strong>, vescomtat del<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Carlow, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid.<\/em> Mecklenburg)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Carmona<\/strong>, regne taifa de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Carniola<\/strong>, marcgraviat i ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Castella, <\/strong>regne de (Ximena<\/em>, Borgonya Palatina-Trast\u00e0mara,<\/em> \u00c0ustria<\/em>, amb els Vald\u00e9s<\/em>,<\/strong> i Borb\u00f3<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Castellb\u00f2<\/strong>, vescomtat de (abans dit d\u2019Urgell<\/strong>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Castellnou<\/strong>, vescomtat de (abans dit de Vallespir<\/strong>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Castle-Stuart<\/strong>, comtat de (vid<\/em>. Stuart)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Castre<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Castro-Pereira, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid.<\/em> Brasil)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Catalunya-Arag\u00f3, <\/strong>comtes-reis de (Bel\u00b7l\u00f2nida<\/em>, Borgonya Palatina-Trast\u00e0mara,<\/em> \u00c0ustria<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cefal\u00f2nia<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Centrafric\u00e0<\/strong>, imperi<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cerda<\/em><\/strong>, els <\/em>de la <\/em>(vid. <\/em>Castella i Foix)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cerdanya<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cerdanya<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chalons-sur-Sa\u00f4ne<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u00e2teaudun<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u00e2tillon<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chaumont<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cibo, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Massa)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cil\u00edcia<\/strong>, regne de (vid<\/em> Arm\u00e8nia Petita)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Clare<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Clermont-en-Beauvaisis<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cleve<\/strong>, ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Comborn<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Comenge<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Comn\u00e8<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cond\u00e9<\/strong>, principat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Conflent<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Constantinoble<\/strong>, imperi de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Conti<\/strong>, principat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Corbeil<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f2rdova<\/strong>, califat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Corea<\/strong>, regne i imperi de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cornberg<\/em><\/strong>, <\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Hessen)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cornualla, <\/strong>comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Coserans<\/strong>, vescomtat de (amb els Espanha<\/em>, ara Espa\u00f1a<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cotxinxina, <\/strong>regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cro\u00e0cia<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Croia,<\/strong> regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Curl\u00e0ndia<\/strong>, ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dachau<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Damasc<\/strong>, califat de (Omeies<\/em>)) (vid. Islam)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dammartin,<\/strong> comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dampierre,<\/strong> senyoria de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Daneskjold-Samsoe<\/em><\/strong>, els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Dinamarca)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dax<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00e8can<\/strong>, soldanat del<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Deira<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Delhi<\/strong>, soldanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Della Scala, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid.<\/em> Verona)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00e9nia<\/strong>, regne taifa de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Diessen<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dietz,<\/em><\/strong> els<\/em> (vid<\/em>. Hessen)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dikwa<\/strong>, emirat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dinamarca, <\/strong>regne de (Skioldunga, Astr\u00edtida, Oldenburg<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Donzy<\/strong>, baronia de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dornberg, <\/em><\/strong>els<\/em> (vid<\/em>. Hessen)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dreux<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Druzk,<\/strong> <\/strong>principat de (Rur\u00edkida<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dubai<\/strong>, xeicat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ducas<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dues Sic\u00edlies<\/strong>, regne de (Borb\u00f3<\/em> amb els Roccagiulielma<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Durieux<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em> (vid<\/em>. B\u00e8lgica)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Edessa<\/strong>, comtat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Egina i Piada<\/strong>, senyories d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Egipte, <\/strong>regne antic i modern d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Elam<\/strong>, regne d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Emp\u00faries, <\/strong>comtat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Emp\u00faries<\/strong>, vescomtat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Enghien,<\/em><\/strong> els<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Enriquez<\/em><\/strong> <\/strong>(vid. <\/em>Castella), els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Enten\u00e7a, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Montpeller)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Epir<\/strong>, despotat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Esc\u00f2cia<\/strong>, regne d\u2019 (Mac Alpin, Dunkeld, Mac Rory, Bruce, Balliol, Stuart<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Espanha o Espa\u00f1a, <\/em><\/strong>els<\/em> (vid. Coserans)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Espanya<\/strong>, regne d\u2019 (Borb\u00f3<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Esparta<\/strong>, regne d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Este<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Est\u00edria<\/strong>, marcgraviat i ducat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Eti\u00f2pia<\/strong>, imperi d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Eu<\/strong>, comtat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Evreux<\/strong>, comtat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Falkenburg,<\/strong> comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Falkener, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Hessen)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Falkenhausen<\/em><\/strong>, els <\/em>(vid.<\/em> Brandenburg)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Farnese<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Faucigny<\/strong>, baronia de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fauquemont,<\/strong> comtat de (vid<\/em>. Falkenburg)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fenollet<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ferrandis d\u2019H\u00edxar<\/em><\/strong> (amb els \u00cdxer, <\/em><\/strong>Bel\u00b7l\u00f2nida<\/em>), els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ferrara, <\/strong>ducat de (Este<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ferrette (Pfirt)<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fesenzac<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fesenzaguet<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fika.<\/strong> emirat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

FitzClarence, <\/em><\/strong>els<\/em> (vid<\/em>. Anglaterra)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

FitzGeorge, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Anglaterra)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

FitzJames, <\/em><\/strong>els<\/em> (vid<\/em>. Anglaterra)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

FitzRoy<\/em><\/strong>, <\/strong>els<\/em> (vid<\/em>. Anglaterra)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Flandes<\/strong>, comtat de,<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Foix, <\/strong>comtat de (Bel\u00b7l\u00f2nida, Grailly<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Forez <\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fran\u00e7a<\/strong>, regne de (Capets<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fran\u00e7a<\/strong>, imperi de (vid<\/em>. Bonaparte<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Franc\u00f2nia<\/strong>, ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Francs<\/em><\/strong> (Merov\u00edngia, Carol\u00edngia<\/em>), els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fr\u00edsia Oriental<\/strong>, principat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fri\u00fcl<\/strong>, ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fuiximi, <\/em><\/strong>els<\/em> (vid<\/em>. Jap\u00f3)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fujairah<\/strong>, xeicat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gabard\u00e0<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gal\u00e0cia<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Galilea<\/strong>, principat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gal\u00edtzia<\/strong>, principat de (Rur\u00edkida<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gal\u00b7les<\/strong>, principat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gascunya<\/strong>, ducat-comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gavald\u00e0<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gazn\u00e8vides<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gelderland<\/strong>, ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Georgia<\/strong> regne de (Bagr\u00e0tida<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gera<\/strong>, senyoria de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ginebra<\/strong>, comtat i ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Girona<\/strong>, vescomtat de (despr\u00e9s dit de Cabrera<\/strong>. Amb els Mediona, Montcada,Ol\u00f3<\/em> i Sarroca<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Glymes de Brabant<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gombe,<\/strong> emirat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gonzaga<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gordon-Lennox, <\/em><\/strong>els<\/em> (vid<\/em>. Anglaterra)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gor\u00edzia<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gorodno<\/strong>, principat de (Rur\u00edkida<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Grafton<\/strong>, ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Grailly<\/strong>, senyoria de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Granada, <\/strong>regne de (Nassarita<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gr\u00e8cia<\/strong>, regne de (Baviera, Dinamarca<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Guastalla<\/strong> ducat de (Gonzaga<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Guillenhiem, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Su\u00e8cia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Guldenlow, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Dinamarca)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gumel, <\/strong>emirat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00farides<\/em><\/strong>, imperi dels<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gwynedd,<\/strong> regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gwalio<\/strong>r, maharajanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gwandu<\/strong>, emirat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Habsburg, <\/em><\/strong>els<\/em> (vid<\/em>. \u00c0ustria)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hadejia<\/strong>, emirat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hagenburg, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Schaumburg-Lippe)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hainaut<\/strong>, comtat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Haithabu<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hanau<\/em><\/strong>, els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Hessen)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hannover<\/strong>, regne de (G\u00fcelfa<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hartenau, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid. <\/em>Hessen)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hawaii<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hessen<\/strong>, granducat i electorat de (Brabant<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hessenstein<\/em><\/strong>, els <\/em>(vid. <\/em>Hessen)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Heygendorff, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Sax\u00f2nia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hi\u00e9mois<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hijaz, <\/strong>regne d\u2019 (Haiximita<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hittites<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hohenau, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Liechtenstein i Pr\u00fassia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hohenberg,<\/em><\/strong> els<\/em> (vid<\/em>. \u00c0ustria i Hohenzollern)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hohenstaufen<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hohenzollern<\/strong>, principats de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Holanda, <\/strong>comtat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Holstein, <\/strong>comtat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hongria<\/strong>, regne d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hyderabad,<\/strong> nizamat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iamaixina, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Jap\u00f3)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iaroslavl,<\/strong> principat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ibelin<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iemen<\/strong>, imamat del<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Illa,<\/strong> vescomtat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

llla-Jordan<\/strong>, comtat de l\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ilorin<\/strong>, emirat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Imereti<\/strong>, regne d\u2019 (i vid<\/em>. Ge\u00f2rgia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Imerina,<\/strong> regne d\u2019 (vid. Madagascar)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

India, <\/strong>imperi de l\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ingenheim, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>, Pr\u00fassia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iran<\/strong>, imperi d\u2019 (Pahlaw\u00ef<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iraq<\/strong>, regne d\u2019 (Haiximita<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Irlanda<\/strong>, regne d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Isiaslavl<\/strong>, principat d\u2019 (Rur\u00edkida<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Isin, <\/strong>regne d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Islam<\/strong>, califat de l\u2019 (a Damasc, Bagdad i Egipte)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Isma\u00efl\u00eds<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel<\/strong>, regne d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cdstria<\/strong>, marcgraviat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It\u00e0lia<\/strong>, regne d\u2019 (Savoia<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iugosl\u00e0via, <\/strong>regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jabal Xammar<\/strong>, emirat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jaffa<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jaipur<\/strong>, maharanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jama\u2019are<\/strong>, emirat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jammu i Caixmir<\/strong>, maharajat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jap\u00f3, <\/strong>imperi de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jema\u2019a<\/strong>, emirat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jerusalem<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jogjakarta<\/strong>, soldanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Johore<\/strong>, soldanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jord\u00e0nia<\/strong>, regne de (Haiximita<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jud\u00e0, <\/strong>regne de (amb la llegend\u00e0ria genealogia d\u2019Adam i Eva a Jes\u00fas de Nazaret)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Judea<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Juliers<\/strong>, ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kaia, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid. <\/em>Jap\u00f3)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kalba<\/strong>, xeicat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kanin, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Jap\u00f3)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kano<\/strong>, emirat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kapurthala<\/strong>, maharajanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kars<\/strong>. regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kartli<\/strong>, regne de (vid<\/em>. Ge\u00f2rgia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kastriota<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Katagum<\/strong>, emirat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Katsina,<\/strong> emirat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kazaure<\/strong>, emirat de<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kebbi a Argungu<\/strong>, emirat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kedah<\/strong>, soldanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Keffi<\/strong>, emirat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kelantan<\/strong>, soldanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kent<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kettler, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Curl\u00e0ndia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khak\u00e8tia<\/strong>, regne de (vid.<\/em> Ge\u00f2rgia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khiva, <\/strong>khanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khwarazm<\/strong>, soldanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00edev<\/strong>, granprincipat de (Rur\u00edkida<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kitaixirakaua, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Jap\u00f3)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Komatsu, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Jap\u00f3)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kongo<\/strong>, regne dels<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kontagora<\/strong>, emirat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kotzau<\/em><\/strong>, els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Brandenburg)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kuatxo<\/em><\/strong>, els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Jap\u00f3)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kunin, <\/em><\/strong>els<\/em> (vid<\/em>. Jap\u00f3)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kuwait,<\/strong> emirat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Labarta<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lafia<\/strong>, emirat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lagaix<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lahej,<\/strong> soldanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Laos<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lapai,<\/strong> emirat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lapurdi<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Larsa<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00e0scaris<\/em><\/strong>. els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lautrec<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lavedan<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Leiningen,<\/strong> comtats i principat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lesotho <\/strong>(abans Basutol\u00e0ndia), regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00e8ucada<\/strong>, ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Leuchtenberg,<\/strong> landgraviat i ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00edbia<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00eddia, <\/strong>regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lichtenberg, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid. <\/em>Hessen)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Liechtenstein<\/strong>, principat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Limburg<\/strong>, ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Li\u00f3<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lippe, <\/strong>principat de (amb els i)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lippe-Falkenfluch<\/em><\/strong>, els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Lippe)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lippe-Saalberg<\/em><\/strong>, els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Lippe)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Litu\u00e0nia<\/strong>, granducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Llemotges<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lle\u00f3, <\/strong>regne de (Astur-c\u00e0ntabra<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Loewenstein<\/strong>, comtats i principats de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Longobards<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lodeva<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lomanha<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lorena, <\/strong>ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lorena Baixa<\/strong>, ducat de (vid<\/em>. Brabant)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lori<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lovaina<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lus\u00e0cia<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lusignan<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Luxemburg<\/strong>, ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Luxemburg<\/strong>, granducat de (Nassau, Borb\u00f3-Parma<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maced\u00f2nia, <\/strong>regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e2con<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Madagascar<\/strong>, regne de (amb Alasora, Ambohidratrimo, Ambohimanga, Ambohitrabiby i Tananarive)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e0laga<\/strong>, regne taifa de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mal\u00e0isia, <\/strong>regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Malatesta<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mallorca<\/strong>. regne de (Bel\u00b7l\u00f2nida<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mallorca<\/strong>, regne taifa de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mankup<\/strong> (vid. Teodor)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e0ntua, <\/strong>ducat de (Gonzaga<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Manuel<\/em><\/strong>, els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Castella)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Marca<\/strong>, comtat de la<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Marck, <\/em><\/strong>els<\/em> (vid<\/em>. Pr\u00fassia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Marck<\/strong>, comtat de la<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maremne<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Marroc<\/strong>, regne de (Alauita<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Marsan<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Marsella<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Masqat,<\/strong> soldanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mas\u00f2via, <\/strong>ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Massa<\/strong>, ducat de (Cibo<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mataram<\/strong>, soldanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maurit\u00e0nia<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Meca<\/strong>, xerifat de la (Haiximita<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mecklenburg, <\/strong>grans ducats (Obodrites<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e8dia<\/strong>. regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e8dici<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mediona, <\/em><\/strong>els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e8ixic, <\/strong>imperi de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Menerba<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Meran<\/strong>, ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Meran, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid. \u00c0ustria)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e8rcia<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Meyer, <\/em><\/strong>els<\/em> (vid<\/em>. B\u00e8lgica)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mil\u00e0<\/strong>, ducat de (Sforza, Visconti<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Millau<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mingr\u00e8lia<\/strong>, principat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Minsk<\/strong>, principat de (Rur\u00edkida<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mir\u00e0ndola<\/strong>, ducat de la (Pico<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Misau<\/strong>, emirat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00edsnia<\/strong>, marcgraviat de (Wettin<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mistr\u00e0s<\/strong>, despotat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00f2dena, <\/strong>ducat de (Este, \u00c0ustria<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mold\u00e0via<\/strong>, voivodat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00f2naco, <\/strong>principat de (Grimaldi, Goyon de Matignon, Polignac<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mongols<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Montagu-Douglas-Scott, <\/em><\/strong>els<\/em> (vid<\/em>. Anglaterra)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Montbeliard<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Montcada<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Montclar<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Montefeltro, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Urbino)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Montenegro, <\/strong>regne de (Petrovitx-Niegoix<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Montferrat<\/strong>, marquesat i ducat de (Aler\u00e0mida, Pale\u00f2leg<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Montpeller<\/strong>, senyoria de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Montreuil,<\/strong> comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Moray, <\/strong>comtat de (vid<\/em>. Stuart)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Morea<\/strong>, principat de (vid. Acaia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mosc\u00f2via<\/strong>, granprincipat de (Rur\u00edkida<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mountbatten,<\/em><\/strong>els <\/em> <\/strong>(vid.<\/em> Battenberg)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mtzkheta<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mukhrani, <\/strong>principat de (vid<\/em>. Ge\u00f2rgia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00fcnsterberg<\/strong>, ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00fcnzensheim<\/em><\/strong>, <\/strong>els<\/em> (<\/strong>vid.<\/em> Baden)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Muri,<\/strong> emirat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mustang,<\/strong> regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mysore<\/strong>, maharajanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Naiximoto, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid.<\/em> Jap\u00f3)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Najd<\/strong>, regne de (Wahhabita<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Namur<\/strong>, marquesat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00e0pols,<\/strong> ducat i regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Narbona<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nassaraua<\/strong>, emirat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nassau<\/strong>, ducats de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Navarra<\/strong>, regne de (\u00c8nnega, Ximena, Xampanya, Capets, Evreux, Trast\u00e0mara, Foix, Albret, Vend\u00f4me<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Negri Sembilan<\/strong>, soldanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nepal<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nesle, <\/em><\/strong>els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nevers-Auxerre-Tonnerre<\/strong>, comtats de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ni\u00e7a<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nicea<\/strong>, imperi de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nidda, <\/em><\/strong>els<\/em> (vid<\/em>. Hessen)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nimes<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

No\u00ebr, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid.<\/em> Schleswig-Holstein)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Normandia, <\/strong>ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

North\u00fambria<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Noruega<\/strong>, regne de (Inglinga, Skioldunga, Folkunga, Oldenburg<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Novgorod<\/strong>, principat de (Rur\u00edkida<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Num\u00eddia<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nupe<\/strong>, emirat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nuremberg<\/strong>, burggraviat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Oldenburg<\/strong>, comtat i granducat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ol\u00f3, <\/em><\/strong>els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Oloron<\/strong>, vescomtat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Oman-Masqat<\/strong>, soldanat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Orcades<\/strong>, comtat de les<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Orlam\u00fcnde<\/strong>, comtat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Orte,<\/strong> vescomtat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Osona<\/strong>, vescomtat d\u2019 (despr\u00e9s dit de Cardona<\/strong>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Oss\u00f3, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid. <\/em>Foix)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ostrogots<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Oviedo, <\/strong>regne (Astur-c\u00e0ntabra<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pahang, <\/strong>soldanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pa\u00efsos Baixos<\/strong>, regne dels (Nassau-Orange, Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Lippe-Biesterfeld<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Palatinat, <\/strong>electorat del<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Palenque<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pale\u00f2leg<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Paley, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. R\u00fassia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pallars<\/strong>, comtats de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pallars<\/strong>, vescomtat de (despr\u00e9s dit de Vilamur<\/strong>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Papat<\/strong>, el<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pardiac<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Parma<\/strong>, ducat de (Farnese, Borb\u00f3<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00e0rtia, <\/strong>regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pategi<\/strong>, emirat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Patiala<\/strong>, maharajanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Peiteu<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Penthi\u00e8vre<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Perak, <\/strong>soldanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Peralta<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em> (vid.<\/em> Navarra)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Perejaslavl,<\/strong> principat de (Rur\u00edkida<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00e8rgam<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Perlis, <\/strong>rajanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00e8rsia<\/strong>, imperi de (Aquem\u00e8nida, Sass\u00e0nida<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Per\u00fa, <\/strong>imperi de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Petrovitx<\/em><\/strong>(-Niegoix), els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pico, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Mir\u00e0ndola)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pinsk<\/strong>, principat de (Rur\u00edkida<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Plantagenet<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em> (vid.<\/em> Anglaterra)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Plauen<\/strong>,senyoria de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pol\u00f2nia<\/strong>, regne (Piast<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Polotzk<\/strong>, principat de (Rur\u00edkida<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pomer\u00e0nia<\/strong>, ducats de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pont<\/strong>, regne del<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ponthieu<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Portugal<\/strong>, regne de (Borgonya-Av\u00eds-Bragan\u00e7a, Sax\u00f2nia-Coburg-Gotha<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Powys,<\/strong> regne i principat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prillwitz, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Pr\u00fassia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Proven\u00e7a, <\/strong>comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pr\u00fassia, <\/strong>regne de (Hohenzollern<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Przemysl<\/strong>, principat de (Rur\u00edkida<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pskov<\/strong>, principat de (Rur\u00edkida<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pulla, <\/strong>ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Qara Qoyunlu<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Qatar<\/strong>, emirat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quraixites<\/em><\/strong>,<\/em>califes de l\u2019Islam, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ras al-Khaymah<\/strong>, xeicat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ras\u00e8s, <\/strong>comtat de (Bel\u00b7l\u00f2nida<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reichenbach-Lessonitz<\/em><\/strong>, <\/strong>els<\/em> (vid.<\/em> Hessen)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reifferscheidt<\/strong>, senyoria i comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reina, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Anhalt)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rethel<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reuss<\/strong>, principats de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Riasan<\/strong>, principat de (Rur\u00edkida<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ribagor\u00e7a<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ribes<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Richmond<\/strong>, ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rietberg, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Liechtenstein)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u00edmini,<\/strong> senyoria de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ritz-Lichtenov, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Pr\u00fassia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rocabert\u00ed<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Roccagiulielma<\/em><\/strong>, <\/strong>els <\/em>(vid.<\/em> Dues Sic\u00edlies)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rochechouart,<\/strong> vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rohan<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rohman, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Sax\u00f2nia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Roma<\/strong>, regne i imperi de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Roma <\/strong>(Ahenobarbs, Claudis, Cornelis, Emilis, Escipions, Fabis, Flavis, Julis, Junis, Porcis-Catons, Servilis, Severs, Sulpicis<\/em>), fam\u00edlies patr\u00edcies de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Romania<\/strong>, regne de (Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Romanovski, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. R\u00fassia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rosenborg, <\/em><\/strong>els<\/em> (vid<\/em>. Dinamarca)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rossell\u00f3<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rossell\u00f3<\/strong>, vescomtat de (despr\u00e9s dit de Tatz\u00f3<\/strong>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rostock<\/strong>, principat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rostov<\/strong>, principat de (Rur\u00edkida<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rothenburg, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Hohenzollern)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Roucy<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ruanda, <\/strong>regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ruiz-Moragas, <\/em><\/strong>els<\/em> (vid<\/em>. Espanya)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rum-K\u00f2nya<\/strong>, soldanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u00fassia<\/strong>, imperi de (Rur\u00edkida<\/em>, Romanov, Holstein-Gottorp<\/em>),<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rutowski, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Sax\u00f2nia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ruttenstein, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Sax\u00f2nia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Saafeld<\/em><\/strong>, <\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Sax\u00f2nia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Saarbr\u00fccken<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sacre Imperi Romano-Germ\u00e0nic <\/strong>(entra per \u201cRomans\u201d)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Saint Albans<\/strong>, ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Saint-Antonin<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Saint-Pol,<\/strong> comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Salern, principat de<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Salins<\/strong>, senyoria de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Salm<\/strong>, comtats i principats de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Salt<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Saluzzo<\/strong>, marquesat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sam\u00e0nides,<\/em><\/strong> els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samoa<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samos<\/strong>, principat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sancerre, <\/strong>comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sant Anton\u00ed<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Santmart\u00ed,<\/em><\/strong> els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sanz, <\/em><\/strong>els<\/em> (vid<\/em>. Espanya)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Saragossa,<\/strong> regne taifa de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sarawak<\/strong>, rajanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sardenya<\/strong>, regne de (Savoia<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sarroca<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sass\u00e0nides<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Savoia<\/strong>, ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Savona<\/strong>, marquesat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sax\u00f2nia<\/strong>, regne, granducat i ducats de (Wettin<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Schauenburg<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Schaumburg, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid.<\/em> Hessen)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Schaumburg-Lippe<\/strong>, principat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Schleswig-Holstein<\/strong>, ducats de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Schwalenberg<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Schwarzburg<\/strong>, principats de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Selangor<\/strong>, soldanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Selj\u00facides<\/em><\/strong> els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Semur<\/strong>, senyoria de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u00e8rbia i Iugosl\u00e0via<\/strong>, regne de (Obrenovitx<\/em>, Karadjeordjevitx<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sevilla<\/strong>, regne taifa de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sforza<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Shihr i Mukalla<\/strong>, soldanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sikkim<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sil\u00e8sia<\/strong>, ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Siracusa<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u00edria, <\/strong>regne de (Sel\u00e8ucida<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Smolensk<\/strong>, principat de (Rur\u00edkida<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Soissons, <\/strong>comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sokoto<\/strong>, soldanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Somerset<\/em><\/strong> (ducs de Beaufort), els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Spoleto<\/strong>, ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stade,<\/strong> comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sternberg<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stockau, <\/em><\/strong>els<\/em> (vid<\/em>. Mecklenburg)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stuart<\/em><\/strong>, els <\/em>(vid. <\/em>Anglaterra i Esc\u00f2cia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Su\u00e0bia<\/strong>, ducat de (Hohenstaufen<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Suazil\u00e0ndia<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Su\u00e8cia<\/strong>, regne de (Inglinga, Stenkil, Folkunga, Vasa, Zweibr\u00fccken, Oldenburg, Bernadotte<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sueus<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sully<\/strong>, senyoria de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Surakarta <\/strong>o Solo,<\/strong> soldanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Susdal<\/strong>, principat de (Rur\u00edkida<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tahit\u00ed<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tail\u00e0ndia<\/strong>, regne de (Xakri<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Takeda, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Jap\u00f3)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Talarn<\/em><\/strong>, els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Pallars)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tananarive<\/strong>, regne de (vid. Madagascar)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e0rent, principat de<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tarragona<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tart\u00e0s<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tat\u00e0ria, <\/strong>khanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tatz\u00f3<\/strong>, vescomtat de (abans dit de Rossell\u00f3<\/strong>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Teodor <\/strong>(o Mankup), principat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tess\u00e0lia<\/strong>, principat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tessal\u00f2nica, <\/strong>imperi de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tim\u00farides<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tir<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tirol<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tmutarakan<\/strong>, principat de (Rur\u00edkida<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tolosa<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tonga<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Torby, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. R\u00fassia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Toro<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Toscana<\/strong>, granducat de (Medici, \u00c0ustria<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u00e0cia,<\/strong> regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Transilv\u00e0nia<\/strong>, voivodat i principat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Transoxiana<\/strong>, soldanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trebisonda<\/strong>, imperi de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trengganu<\/strong>, soldanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u00edpoli<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Troppau i Jaegerndorf<\/strong>, ducats de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tun\u00edsia,<\/strong> regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Turena<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tur\u00edngia, <\/strong>landgraviat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Turov<\/strong>, principat de (Rur\u00edkida<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Turquia<\/strong>, soldanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tursan,<\/strong> vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fasculum<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Twer<\/strong>, granprincipat de (Rur\u00edkida<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Txernigov,<\/strong> granprincipat de (Rur\u00edkida<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Umm al-Qauain<\/strong>, xeicat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ur, <\/strong>regne d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Urbino<\/strong>, ducat d\u2019 (Montefeltro<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Urgell,<\/strong> comtat d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Urgell<\/strong>, vescomtat (despr\u00e9s dit de Castellb\u00f2<\/strong>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Uruk<\/strong>, regne d\u2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Val\u00e0quia<\/strong>, voivodat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vallespir<\/strong>, vescomtat de (despr\u00e9s dit de Castellnou<\/strong>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vallferrera, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Pallars)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0ndals<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vaudemont<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vend\u00f4me<\/strong>, ducat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ven\u00e9s,<\/strong> vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ventadou<\/strong>r, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vergy,<\/strong> senyoria de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vermandois<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Verona<\/strong>, senyoria de (Della Scala<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vien\u00e8s,<\/strong> comtat i definat del<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vietnam<\/strong> (ambAnnamiCotxinxina)<\/strong>, imperi de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Viguera <\/strong>regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vilamur<\/strong>, vescomtat de (abans dit de Pallars<\/strong>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Visconti<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Visigots<\/em><\/strong>, els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vlad\u00edmir<\/strong>, granprincipat de (Rur\u00edkida<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vol\u00ednia<\/strong>, principat de (Rur\u00edkida<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Walbeck<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Waldeck-Pyrmont<\/strong>, principat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Waldenburg, <\/em><\/strong>els<\/em> (vid<\/em>. Pr\u00fassia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Waldersee, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Anhalt)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wasaborg, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Su\u00e8cia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wase<\/strong>, emirat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Weida<\/strong>, senyoria de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Werl<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Werle, <\/strong>principat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wessex<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Westarp, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Anhalt)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wettin, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. M\u00edsnia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wharncliff, <\/strong>condado de (vid<\/em>. Stuart)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wied<\/em><\/strong>, els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Alb\u00e0nia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wildenberg<\/strong>, senyoria de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wildenbruch, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Pr\u00fassia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Windsor, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Anglaterra)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wittelsbach, <\/em><\/strong>els <\/em>(vid<\/em>. Baviera)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

W\u00fcrttemberg, <\/strong>regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yurievski,<\/em><\/strong> <\/strong>els <\/em>(vid.<\/em> R\u00fassia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Xampanya<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Xarjah<\/strong>, xeicat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

X\u00e8rica<\/em><\/strong> <\/strong>(Bel\u00b7l\u00f2nida<\/em>), els<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Xina<\/strong>, imperi de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Xipre<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Xoa<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yauri<\/strong>, emirat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

York<\/strong>, regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yurievski, <\/em><\/strong>els<\/em> (vid<\/em>. R\u00fassia)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zante<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zanz\u00edbar<\/strong>, soldanat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zuberoa<\/strong>, vescomtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zulul\u00e0ndia, <\/strong>regne de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zweibr\u00fccken<\/strong>, comtat de<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La Base de Dades de les Cases Sobiranes es pot adquirir escrivint al correu correu@iafgh.cat<\/a>. Un cop efectuat el pagament corresponent rebeu l\u2019enviament de la base de dades i de les instruccions d\u2019instal\u00b7laci\u00f3. El pagament s\u2019ha de realitzar mitjan\u00e7ant transfer\u00e8ncia banc\u00e0ria. Per a m\u00e9s informaci\u00f3, podeu contactar a correu@iafgh.cat<\/a> o consultar https:\/\/iafgh.cat\/?p=2825<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Per Armand de Fluvi\u00e0 i Escorsa Aquest treball el vaig iniciar quan tenia 14 o 15 anys i tot va comen\u00e7ar quan feia el Batxillerat, concretament a les classes d\u2019Hist\u00f2ria. En aquella \u00e8poca \u2013anys 1945-46-la Hist\u00f2ria encara s\u2019estudiava per les llistes dels reis dels pa\u00efsos corresponents. Per exemple, calia saber-se de mem\u00f2ria la relaci\u00f3 dels …<\/p>\n

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